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Links between climate transparency and a just energy transition
Within the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement, multiple climate policy planning and reporting instruments exist through which countries communicate their commitments and progress, including Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs), National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), among others. Among these instruments, BTRs play a central role in reporting progress on NDC implementation, including information on mitigation and adaptation measures, as well as financial, technological, and capacity-building support, and in contributing to the Global Stocktake process, which assesses collective progress toward the Paris Agreement goals. In this context, BTRs offer a key opportunity for countries to report on their Just Energy Transition (JET) pathways and their environmental, economic, and social dimensions. However, many countries face difficulties in meeting reporting requirements. These limitations are related to gaps in national information systems, insufficient technical capacities, and barriers to accessing climate finance. This policy brief analyzes how BTRs can serve as a vehicle for countries to report progress on their TEJs, identifies the main challenges countries—particularly developing countries—face in doing so, and examines the progress made at COP30 in Belém to strengthen reporting capacities.
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Analysis of the importance of climate transparency and the transition between reporting systems: from the Biennial Update Report to the Biennial Transparency Report
Under the Convention and the Paris Agreement, countries report information on their climate efforts following the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities. Under the Convention, developed countries (Annex I) submit more frequent and detailed reports than developing countries (non-Annex I). The Paris Agreement introduces the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF), which unifies criteria with the Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs), although with flexibilities for developing countries. This represents a shift from a bifurcated system to a single one that considers different national capacities. The first BTR was due in December 2024, but only 43% of countries complied, highlighting the challenges of the transition. Transparency is key to assessing progress and adjusting climate strategies at the national and global levels, strengthening international legitimacy, and facilitating access to financing and cooperation. Accountability through these reports is essential for the success of the multilateral process in the fight against climate change.
Analysis of the importance of climate transparency and the transition between reporting systems: from the Biennial Update Report to the Biennial Transparency Report
Under the Convention and the Paris Agreement, countries report information on their climate efforts following the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities. Under the Convention, developed countries (Annex I) submit more frequent and detailed reports than developing countries (non-Annex I). The Paris Agreement introduces the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF), which unifies criteria with the Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs), although with flexibilities for developing countries. This represents a shift from a bifurcated system to a single one that considers different national capacities. The first BTR was due in December 2024, but only 43% of countries complied, highlighting the challenges of the transition. Transparency is key to assessing progress and adjusting climate strategies at the national and global levels, strengthening international legitimacy, and facilitating access to financing and cooperation. Accountability through these reports is essential for the success of the multilateral process in the fight against climate change.
Roadmap from Latin America and the Caribbean for a just energy transition
The Roadmap for a Just Energy Transition in Latin America and the Caribbean seeks to contribute to the international dialogue on a Just Energy Transition and a progressive and orderly phase-out of fossil fuels, which the region has led over the last three years through the actions of states and governments at COP 16 on Biodiversity in Cali (2024), COP 30 on Climate Change in Belém (2025), and the First Conference Beyond Fossil Fuels in Santa Marta (2026). However, this conversation has also been driven by diverse sectors of civil society, including Indigenous peoples, think tanks, social organizations, non-governmental organizations, labor unions, academia, environmental organizations, peasant organizations, and others. Today, we are moving forward with this proposed Roadmap, which includes a focus on concrete and achievable actions to reach the 1.5°C target of the Paris Agreement, but also to advance towards less unequal, more just, and more diverse societies. The document reflects the outcome of a process led by civil society organizations, regional networks, and experts from Latin America. It combines technical analysis, structured input developed through discussion and collaboration, and participatory spaces aimed at identifying practical options, sequencing strategies, barriers, and enabling conditions for advancing a gradual and orderly phase-out of fossil fuels in the region. In this way, it is hoped to contribute to the objective of identifying barriers, enabling factors, and differentiated options that can be adopted by countries, subnational entities, and economic sectors according to their specific circumstances.
Roadmap from Latin America and the Caribbean for a just energy transition
The Roadmap for a Just Energy Transition in Latin America and the Caribbean seeks to contribute to the international dialogue on a Just Energy Transition and a progressive and orderly phase-out of fossil fuels, which the region has led over the last three years through the actions of states and governments at COP 16 on Biodiversity in Cali (2024), COP 30 on Climate Change in Belém (2025), and the First Conference Beyond Fossil Fuels in Santa Marta (2026). However, this conversation has also been driven by diverse sectors of civil society, including Indigenous peoples, think tanks, social organizations, non-governmental organizations, labor unions, academia, environmental organizations, peasant organizations, and others. Today, we are moving forward with this proposed Roadmap, which includes a focus on concrete and achievable actions to reach the 1.5°C target of the Paris Agreement, but also to advance towards less unequal, more just, and more diverse societies. The document reflects the outcome of a process led by civil society organizations, regional networks, and experts from Latin America. It combines technical analysis, structured input developed through discussion and collaboration, and participatory spaces aimed at identifying practical options, sequencing strategies, barriers, and enabling conditions for advancing a gradual and orderly phase-out of fossil fuels in the region. In this way, it is hoped to contribute to the objective of identifying barriers, enabling factors, and differentiated options that can be adopted by countries, subnational entities, and economic sectors according to their specific circumstances.
Written contributions for the First Conference on Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels
Argentina 1.5 presents the following written contributions for the First Conference on Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels. Given the organization's history, we focus particularly on strengthening international cooperation and climate diplomacy, while also including references to reducing economic dependence on fossil fuels.
Written contributions for the First Conference on Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels
Argentina 1.5 presents the following written contributions for the First Conference on Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels. Given the organization's history, we focus particularly on strengthening international cooperation and climate diplomacy, while also including references to reducing economic dependence on fossil fuels.